Positive Punishment
The terms "positive" and "negative" are used to describe how the environment changes. Positive refers to the addition of a stimulus to the environment, whereas negative refers to the removal of a stimulus. Both positive and negative punishment, as well as positive and negative reinforcement, are possible.
A therapist continuously shows the same SD to a student, encouraging the same specific conduct trial after trial until the student completes 5 requested right trials in a row.
The same SD is shown repeatedly with prompting if necessary to obtain a specific response in mass trials. This is typically done to increase condition discrimination acquisition by repeated exposure to a reinforcing situation.
The delay of time between a stimulus and a given response.
The delay between a given stimulus and a reaction is referred to as response latency.
Conditioned
When paired with other conditioned or unconditioned reinforcers, conditioned reinforcers obtain their reinforcing properties.
Sensory, Escape, Attention, and Tangibles
The following are the four functions of behavior:
Escape - delaying or completely avoiding a non-preferred stimulus
Automatic Reinforcement (Sensory) - actions that create their own result without the involvement of another person, such as drinking from a cup, reading a book, or scratching an itch.
Attention - receiving engagement or shared activity from another person.
Tangible - receiving stuff from another individual
Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement (MSWO)
Multiple stimulus without replacement (MSWO) is a preference assessment that analysts typically use to build preference hierarchies for people whose preferences are unclear or difficult to identify.
Frequency
Continuous measurement data gathering systems record every occurrence of an interest behavior. Frequency, Inter-Response Time, and Duration are examples of typical continuous measuring methods.
Motivating Operation
Motivating operations are further subdivided depending on their value-altering effect: Establishing Operations raise the value of a result, whereas Abolishing Operations decrease it.
Function, Form
Skinner defined verbal behavior as the function of the behavior over the form of the behavior.
Backwards chaining
Backwards chaining prompts the learner for each step except the last one, then they contact reinforcement. The learner repeats the past two trials, then the last three, and so on.
Give informed consent
When punishment is used, the person who makes choices for the client must give informed consent, and the possible advantages and hazards of employing punishment should be discussed.
Stopwatch
When collecting discontinuous data, you're most likely to use a stopwatch.
No direct observation of behavior is required.
One of the most significant benefits of having permanent product data is that it eliminates the need for direct behavior observation.
DRO
DRO is a time-based DR procedure.
DRI
You must reinforce conduct that is physically incompatible with the goal behavior under the DRI.
Stimulus prompting
Stimulus prompting is defined as the changing or exaggeration of properties of a relevant stimulus in order to improve the chance of a desired response occurring.
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RBT Practice Test #3
