Explanation:
The half-moon shaped, white area located at the base of a fingernail is called the "lunula." The lunula is a visible part of the nail matrix, which is the area where nail growth originates.
Explanation:
Death of tissue resulting from a reduction in blood flow to the affected area is referred to as "gangrene." Gangrene occurs when there is a loss of blood supply to a certain area, leading to tissue death. It can be caused by various factors, including infection, injury, or underlying medical conditions that affect blood flow.
Explanation:
An acute eruption of intensely itchy papules or wheals is called "urticaria," which is commonly known as hives. Urticaria is a skin condition characterized by raised, red, itchy bumps that can vary in size and shape.
Explanation:
A chronic dermatitis of unknown etiology in patients with a history of allergy is called "atopic dermatitis." Atopic dermatitis, commonly known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, red, and scaly patches on the skin. It often occurs in individuals with a personal or family history of allergies, asthma, or hay fever.
Explanation:
Excessive hair on the face or body, especially in women, is called "hirsutism." Hirsutism is a condition characterized by the growth of coarse, dark hair in areas where men typically grow hair, such as the face, chest, and back. It is often caused by an excess of androgens (male hormones) or an increased sensitivity to these hormones in women.
Explanation:
Moles with the potential to develop into malignant melanoma are called "dysplastic nevi." Dysplastic nevi, also known as atypical moles, are unusual moles that can have irregular features and may resemble melanoma in appearance. While most dysplastic nevi do not become cancerous, they do have a higher risk of developing into melanoma compared to common moles.
Explanation:
The type of cyst that contains yellowish sebum and is commonly found on the scalp, vulva, and scrotum is called a "sebaceous cyst." Sebaceous cysts are noncancerous, closed sacs or cysts located beneath the skin. They are filled with a thick, oily substance called sebum, which is produced by the sebaceous glands. Sebaceous cysts can occur in various areas of the body, but they are often found on the scalp, face, ears, neck, back, and genitals.
Explanation:
The term for a lack of color in the skin is "albinism." Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by a deficiency or absence of melanin, which is the pigment that gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. This results in very pale skin, hair, and often light-colored eyes.
Explanation:
The medication prescribed for acne is Accutane (isotretinoin). It's a powerful medication used to treat severe, nodular acne that hasn't responded to other treatments.
Explanation:
An epidermal growth caused by a virus is called a "verruca," more commonly known as a wart. Warts are raised growths on the skin caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). They can occur on various parts of the body and come in different types, including common warts, plantar warts (on the soles of the feet), and genital warts.
Explanation:
Yellowing of the skin is indicative of hyperbilirubinemia. Hyperbilirubinemia occurs when there is an excess of bilirubin in the blood, which can lead to a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes (jaundice).
