Free CNS Nutrition and Dietary Guidelines Questions and Answers

Question 1

Which of the following is a major function of vitamin E?

Accepted Answer

Protection of biological membranes from free radical damage

Answer

Explanation:
A major function of vitamin E is the protection of biological membranes from free radical damage. As an antioxidant, vitamin E helps neutralize free radicals, which are highly reactive molecules that can damage cell membranes and other cellular structures. By scavenging free radicals, vitamin E helps maintain the integrity of cell membranes and protects cells from oxidative stress. Understanding the antioxidant role of vitamin E is fundamental to recognizing its importance in overall health and its potential role in preventing chronic diseases associated with oxidative damage.

Question 2

The functions of vitamin K depend largely on which of the following minerals?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Explanation:
The functions of vitamin K largely depend on calcium. Vitamin K plays a crucial role in the activation of proteins involved in blood clotting and bone metabolism. These processes require calcium as a cofactor for the proper functioning of vitamin K-dependent enzymes. Therefore, adequate calcium levels are necessary for vitamin K to perform its physiological functions effectively. Understanding the interplay between vitamin K and calcium is fundamental to comprehending their roles in blood coagulation and bone health.

Question 3

Calcitonin is released by the ____________ during periods of ___________ blood calcium concentration.

Accepted Answer

thyroid gland; high

Answer

Explanation:
Calcitonin is a hormone primarily produced by the thyroid gland. Its primary function is to regulate calcium levels in the blood. When blood calcium levels are high, such as after a meal, the thyroid gland releases calcitonin. Calcitonin acts to lower blood calcium levels by inhibiting the activity of osteoclasts, cells responsible for breaking down bone tissue and releasing calcium into the bloodstream. By inhibiting osteoclast activity, calcitonin helps to promote calcium deposition into bone, thereby reducing blood calcium levels. This process helps maintain calcium homeostasis in the body.

Question 4

Which of the following can influence calcium bioavailability?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Explanation:
All of the listed factors can influence calcium bioavailability. Oxalates and phytates, found in certain plant foods, can bind to calcium and inhibit its absorption. Aging can also affect calcium absorption efficiency due to changes in gastrointestinal function and vitamin D metabolism. Understanding the factors that influence calcium bioavailability is essential for optimizing dietary strategies to meet calcium needs and maintain bone health.

Question 5

Which Major Mineral Is A Component Of Biological Membranes?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus

Answer

Explanation:
Phosphorus is a major mineral that is a component of biological membranes. It is a key constituent of phospholipids, which are essential components of cell membranes. Phospholipids play crucial roles in maintaining the structural integrity and function of cell membranes, as well as in cell signaling processes. Understanding the role of phosphorus in membrane structure and function is fundamental to comprehending its importance in overall nutrition and cellular biology.

CNS - Certified Nutrition Specialist Exam Practice Test

CNS - Certified Nutrition Specialist Exam Practice Test

Free CNS Nutrition and Dietary Guidelines Questions and Answers