Free Bachelor of Science: Science of Nutrition Questions and Answers

Question 1

Food is kept from entering the ____ by the epiglottis.

Accepted Answer

Airway

Answer

The epiglottis is a leaf-shaped flap of cartilage located at the base of the tongue. During swallowing, it folds down to cover the opening of the larynx (voice box), which leads to the trachea (windpipe or airway). This crucial action prevents food and liquids from entering the respiratory tract and causing choking.

Question 2

When food is broken down, leaving the _____, it moves via the duodenum, the first section of the _____.

Accepted Answer

stomach; small intestine

Answer

After mechanical and chemical digestion in the stomach, the partially digested food, now called chyme, is released into the small intestine. The duodenum is the very first section of the small intestine, where it receives chyme from the stomach and continues the digestive process with the help of bile and pancreatic enzymes. This transition marks a key stage in nutrient absorption.

Question 3

What supports the churning, sphincter opening, and peristalsis of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Muscles

Answer

The digestive system relies heavily on various types of muscles for its functions. Smooth muscles in the walls of the digestive organs perform peristalsis, rhythmic contractions that propel food along the tract, and churning motions in the stomach. Sphincter muscles, which are specialized circular muscles, control the opening and closing of passages between digestive organs, regulating the flow of food.

Question 4

Being ____ has been linked to developing arthritis.

Accepted Answer

Overweight or obese

Answer

Being overweight or obese significantly increases the risk of developing certain types of arthritis, particularly osteoarthritis. Excess body weight places greater stress on weight-bearing joints like the knees, hips, and spine, accelerating cartilage breakdown. Additionally, adipose tissue produces inflammatory chemicals that can contribute to systemic inflammation and worsen arthritis symptoms.

Question 5

Your body uses energy at a pace that is measured in calories and is referred to as .

Accepted Answer

basal metabolic rate

Answer

The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the number of calories your body needs to perform basic, life-sustaining functions while at rest. These essential functions include breathing, circulation, cell production, and nutrient processing. BMR accounts for the majority of daily calorie expenditure and is a key factor in weight management.

BS - Bachelor of Science Practice Test

BS - Bachelor of Science Practice Test

Free Bachelor of Science: Science of Nutrition Questions and Answers