FREE Bachelor of Science: Science of Nutrition Questions and Answers
Food is kept from entering the ____ by the epiglottis.
The epiglottis is a flap of cartilage located at the base of the tongue, near the entrance of the larynx (voice box). Its primary function is to prevent food and liquids from entering the airway (trachea) during swallowing.
Your body uses energy at a pace that is measured in calories and is referred to as .
The rate at which energy is used for vital functions at rest is called basal metabolic rate (BMR).
Basal metabolic rate refers to the amount of energy, measured in calories, that your body needs to carry out essential functions such as breathing, circulating blood, maintaining body temperature, and supporting organ function while at complete rest. BMR accounts for the largest portion of daily energy expenditure in most individuals.
A person is likely ____ when their kidneys begin to generate very concentrated urine.
When a person's kidneys start to produce very concentrated urine, it is a sign that the person is likely dehydrated.
The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body. When the body becomes dehydrated, meaning it lacks an adequate amount of water, the kidneys respond by conserving water to prevent further fluid loss.
Being ____ has been linked to developing arthritis.
Developing arthritis has been associated with being overweight or obese.
Arthritis is a condition characterized by inflammation and stiffness of the joints. Excess weight puts increased stress and pressure on the joints, particularly weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, and spine. This can accelerate wear and tear on the joint cartilage, leading to the development or worsening of arthritis.
Being overweight or obese also increases the production of inflammatory chemicals in the body, which can contribute to joint inflammation and exacerbate arthritis symptoms.
When food is broken down, leaving the _____, it moves via the duodenum, the first section of the _____.
When digesting food leaves the stomach, it passes through the duodenum, which is the first section of the small intestine.
After food is partially digested in the stomach, it moves into the duodenum, where further digestion takes place. The duodenum receives secretions from the liver and pancreas, which aid in the breakdown of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
What supports the churning, sphincter opening, and peristalsis of the digestive system?
Digestive processes such as peristalsis, sphincter opening, and churning are aided by muscles.
Peristalsis is the rhythmic contraction and relaxation of muscles that help propel food through the digestive tract. It involves coordinated muscle contractions that create wave-like movements, pushing the food along the gastrointestinal tract from one segment to another.
Your friend's calorie consumption is less than what his Harris-Benedict equation predicted, according to the registered dietitian. Why does this matter?
The Harris-Benedict equation is a formula used to estimate an individual's basal metabolic rate (BMR) and total daily energy expenditure (TDEE). It takes into account factors such as age, gender, weight, and height to provide an estimate of the calories needed to maintain weight.