Since some animals are pets and all cats are animals, it logically follows that some cats could be pets.
The father is twice the age of the oldest son (2 x 18 = 36). The mother is three years younger than the father (36 - 3 = 33).
Each machine takes 5 minutes to make 1 widget. Therefore, 100 machines would still take 5 minutes to make 100 widgets, as the production rate is constant.
If the number of juniors is twice the number of sophomores, there are definitely more juniors than sophomores.
The man says "my father's son," which refers to himself. So, "that man's father" is him, and thus the person in the photograph is his son.
