Pharmacology Therapeutic Applications and Clinical Use

Question 1

Which of the following drugs is most commonly used to manage Type 2 Diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Metformin is typically the first-line medication prescribed for the management of Type 2 Diabetes. It works primarily by decreasing glucose production by the liver and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues, which helps the body use insulin more effectively. This leads to a reduction in blood sugar levels without causing hypoglycemia.

Question 2

A patient with a history of gastric ulcers should avoid prolonged use of:

Accepted Answer

Ibuprofen

Answer

Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, which is crucial for protecting the stomach lining. For patients with a history of gastric ulcers, prolonged use of NSAIDs like ibuprofen significantly increases the risk of ulcer recurrence and gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, it should be avoided or used with extreme caution in such individuals.

Question 3

Which of the following is a critical consideration when administering warfarin?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring prothrombin time (PT) and INR

Answer

Warfarin is an anticoagulant with a narrow therapeutic window, meaning the effective dose is close to the toxic dose. Therefore, regular monitoring of prothrombin time (PT) and the International Normalized Ratio (INR) is critical to ensure the drug's effectiveness and safety. This monitoring helps prevent both excessive bleeding and inadequate anticoagulation.

Pharmacology Practice Test

Pharmacology Practice Test

Pharmacology Therapeutic Applications and Clinical Use