A cam converts rotational motion into linear motion, which is often used in engines and other machinery to drive pistons or other components.
According to Pascal's principle, the pressure in a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions. Increasing the force on the smaller piston increases the pressure in the hydraulic system.
Pulley systems are used to change the direction of a force applied and to reduce the effort required to lift heavy loads.
The gear ratio determines the relationship between the rotational speeds of two meshed gears. A larger gear will rotate slower than a smaller gear due to this ratio.
The law of the lever explains how the lever provides a mechanical advantage, allowing a smaller force to lift a heavier load.
