Free Neonatal Intensive Care Nurse Basic Questions and Answers

Question 1

Which of the following gives the recommended daily calorie intake for the infant?

Accepted Answer

Healthy 2500 g infant receiving 55 cc expressed human milk by gavage every 3 hours

Answer

For enteral feedings, a typical, developing preterm infant's total daily calorie need is between 105-120 kcal/kg/day. Human milk and normal formula have a calorie content of 20 kcal/oz. Preterm formulations fortified with 22-24 kcal/oz. Human milk or formula at half strength contains 10 kcal/oz. Parenteral dietary needs are approximately 20% lower, ranging from 85-100 kcal/kg/day. Many aspects are considered while establishing an infant's proper calorie intake, including activity, body temperature, and stress level. Infants who are under stress (such as those who have just had surgery) will require extra calories per day.

Question 2

Which of the following symptoms characterizes maternal HELLP syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count

Answer

Hemolysis, increased liver enzymes, and low platelet count make up the HELLP syndrome, a trio of unique maternal hematologic abnormalities. HELLP syndrome is thought to occur in roughly 1 in every 1500 normal pregnancies and in up to 20% of women with preeclampsia or eclampsia. The causes of the illness is unknown, and it is frequently misidentified as other illnesses or health issues. Because the only effective therapy for HELLP syndrome is infant delivery, the risk of preterm birth is significant.

Question 3

What is the role of pulmonary surfactant in the newborn?

Accepted Answer

Prevents alveolar collapse

Answer

Proteins and phospholipids combine to form pulmonary surfactant. It is a chemical that the lungs manufacture and release. It decreases surface tension and lubricates the alveolar surfaces. This keeps the alveolar walls from adhering together during exhalation, which avoids alveolar collapse. Because optimal surfactant synthesis develops later in gestation, preterm babies fewer than 32 weeks are more likely to have surfactant deficits. Pulmonary surfactant deficiency is the most common cause of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

Question 4

At 30 weeks' gestation, a baby was delivered. She'll be flying home on room air. She tolerates bottle feedings well and has breastfed successfully twice in the NICU. The mother want to continue nursing at home. Which of the following things should be addressed in discharge planning/teaching at this time?

Accepted Answer

Lactation consult

Answer

It is always a good idea to organize a lactation consult when releasing any newborn whose mother intends to nurse at home. By offering a professional/competent source of evaluation, encouragement, training, and troubleshooting, this will guarantee the best possibility for successful home nursing. It is not essential to arrange for physical/occupational treatment or any durable medical equipment at this time because this child is not going home with any special equipment and is not demonstrating any physical difficulties that require therapy. However, it is critical to educate parents/caregivers on the potential developmental problems associated with preterm. Encourage the parents to contact their doctor if they have any questions or concerns.

Question 5

Which of the following situations, in terms of oxygen supply, would be a proper justification for utilizing a nasal cannula in a baby?

Accepted Answer

A 34-week-old infant who is bottle-feeding and requires 0.5 1pm O2 to maintain a SpO2 greater than 90%

Answer

Nasal cannulas are ideal for newborns who require less than 1 lpm (liter per minute) of O2. Cannulas will also enable continuous bottle feeding. Infant nasal cannulas can only deliver less than 1 lpm of oxygen. Infants requiring higher flow rates or FiO2 concentrations greater than 0.4 (40%) will require other administration strategies.

Neonatal Intensive Care Nurse Exam Practice Test

Neonatal Intensive Care Nurse Exam Practice Test

Free Neonatal Intensive Care Nurse Basic Questions and Answers