Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, producing ATP through aerobic respiration,
which is critical for sustained muscle contractions during exercise.
Muscle growth following resistance training is primarily due to protein synthesis,
where new proteins are produced to repair and build muscle fibers, leading to hypertrophy.
The phosphagen system provides immediate energy through the breakdown of ATP and creatine phosphate and is primarily used during short,
high-intensity activities like a 100-meter sprint.
Lactic acid is a byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis,
produced when glucose is broken down for energy without sufficient oxygen,
typically during high-intensity exercise.
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline,
is released by the adrenal glands during exercise, increasing heart rate and blood pressure to prepare the body for physical activity.
The respiratory system supplies oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide, which is essential for maintaining cellular respiration and energy production during exercise.
Regular aerobic exercise strengthens the heart muscle,
improving its efficiency and typically resulting in a lower resting heart rate.
