Most applicants need to have a lawful permanent resident for 5 years. However, those married to a U.S. citizen may apply after 3 years if they meet the other criteria, such as living with the citizen spouse during this period.
Applicants under the 5-year rule must have been physically present in the U.S. for at least 30 months (or 18 months under the 3-year rule for spouse of U.S. citizens).
"Good Moral Character" is an essential requirement. Serious crimes, tax evasion, and dishonesty can all disqualify an applicant. USCIC reviews the applicant's behavior during the required period (3 or 5 years) and sometimes beyond.
Absences of more than 6 months (180 days) can break "continuous residence," but USCIS may allow exceptions if evidence supports maintaining U.S. ties. Any absence of 1 year or more breaks the continuity unless special conditions are met (e.g., military exceptions).
Applicants aged 55+ with 15 years as a Green Card holder.
Applicants aged 50+ with 20 years as a Green Card holder.
Applicants with disabilities that prevent them from meeting the requirement (requires Form N-648).
