The sample mean is a point estimate used to estimate the population mean.
A confidence interval provides a range of values within which the true population parameter is expected to fall, given a certain confidence level.
The p-value measures the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis.
The t-distribution is used when conducting a t-test, particularly when the sample size is small or the population standard deviation is unknown.
Inferential statistics involves using data from a sample to make generalizations or predictions about a population.
