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It's crucial to equally work the muscles on the opposing sides of the spine when working out the back muscles in order to maintain a healthy back. Since the muscles on either side of the spine must equally pull in opposite directions to keep the back in appropriate alignment and protect the spine, balanced muscle development is necessary to maintain a healthy back.

Which of the following is a presumption that the argument demands?

Correct! Wrong!

According to the theory, maintaining a healthy back requires balanced muscle development, thus training the opposing sides of the back equally is crucial. Connecting the two premises in this argument requires the statement, "Exercising opposite sides of the back unequally will lead to imbalanced muscular development."

The common law is to statutes as __________ is to __________.

Correct! Wrong!

As judge-made law is to codified law, the common law is to statutes. Statutes are legal rules that have been recorded and "codified" in a structured manner. The common law originated with judicially issued legal rules intended to settle conflicts. The common law and statutes are two types of legal norms, just as democracy and totalitarianism are two types of governments. However, Answer B is a better option because judge-made law and codified law are separate terminology for the common law and statutes.

1Every schoolboy is familiar with the broad strokes of Macaulay's life and work, to use one of his own favorite adages. We have recited the Lays, presumably read some of the History, and perhaps even heard of his eloquent and unrestrained criticism of writers whose works offended him. Even if his assertions weren't always correct, we know that his recall was incredible. The biographers go on to say that no one could be more uncomplicated or more dedicated to his own family; his nephews and nieces were unaware of his greatness and considered him to be their favorite "Uncle Tom." Of course, criticism is far from unanimity. 'Macaulay, the great prophet of Whiggery which never had or will have a prophet, vehemently judged that a man who could pass over from the celestial Whigs to the infernal Tories must be a traitor false as Judas, an apostate black,' observed Mr. Augustine Birrell wryly. James Thomson epitomized his political bias in a biting sentence: "Macaulay, historiographer in chief to the Whig Always a youngster at heart and utterly unconcerned with his appearance, Macaulay had such incredible success in every field that envy may be to blame for the majority of personal criticism that isn't motivated by obvious rivals. Those who referred to him as a bore were probably being overly sensitive about their own incapacity to counter ideas or viewpoints that they yearned to oppose.

When the magnificent piece on the translation of a recently discovered Milton dissertation on Christian Doctrine appeared in the Edinburgh (1825) and unleashed a new force in English prose, he was a student at Lincoln's Inn. Even though Macaulay admitted it was "overloaded with garish and ungraceful argument," it cemented his literary reputation and shaped a significant portion of his career. He gained control over the 21Edinburgh, perhaps slightly altering its overall tone, and started to identify with its reputation. Christopher North claims that "the son of a Saint," who appears to be some sort of reviewer, is "insidious as the serpent, but fangless as the glow worm." The Tory press, of course, was outraged at the champion critic of their favorite prodigies.

Read Passage B then choose the statement(s) that best identify a claim and possible supporting evidence found in Passage B only.

Correct! Wrong!

There are arguments that can be derived from passage B that are supported by supporting evidence. However, for the purposes of this question, the statements of claim and supporting data given in Passage B paragraph 1 are the appropriate response. The other answer options consist of assertions without any supporting details found in Passage B.

Daryl: Pure research gives us brand-new innovations that help us save lives. But what makes it more valuable than this is how it adds to our knowledge and offers fresh, untested concepts.

Kyle: You have the wrong priorities. In the end, what matters most is saving lives. Medicine would not be as sophisticated as it is now without pure research.

Daryl and Kyle disagree on whether pure research

Correct! Wrong!

Johnson's gas costs went up after he switched to a new, highly efficient, pilotless gas water heater to replace his old one.

Each of the following, if true, contributes to an explanation of the increase mentioned above EXCEPT:

Correct! Wrong!

1Every schoolboy is familiar with the broad strokes of Macaulay's life and work, to use one of his own favorite adages. We have recited the Lays, presumably read some of the History, and perhaps even heard of his eloquent and unrestrained criticism of writers whose works offended him. Even if his assertions weren't always correct, we know that his recall was incredible. The biographers go on to say that no one could be more uncomplicated or more dedicated to his own family; his nephews and nieces were unaware of his greatness and considered him to be their favorite "Uncle Tom." Of course, criticism is far from unanimity. 'Macaulay, the great prophet of Whiggery which never had or will have a prophet, vehemently judged that a man who could pass over from the celestial Whigs to the infernal Tories must be a traitor false as Judas, an apostate black,' observed Mr. Augustine Birrell wryly. James Thomson epitomized his political bias in a biting sentence: "Macaulay, historiographer in chief to the Whig Always a youngster at heart and utterly unconcerned with his appearance, Macaulay had such incredible success in every field that envy may be to blame for the majority of personal criticism that isn't motivated by obvious rivals. Those who referred to him as a bore were probably being overly sensitive about their own incapacity to counter ideas or viewpoints that they yearned to oppose.

When the magnificent piece on the translation of a recently discovered Milton dissertation on Christian Doctrine appeared in the Edinburgh (1825) and unleashed a new force in English prose, he was a student at Lincoln's Inn. Even though Macaulay admitted it was "overloaded with garish and ungraceful argument," it cemented his literary reputation and shaped a significant portion of his career. He gained control over the 21Edinburgh, perhaps slightly altering its overall tone, and started to identify with its reputation. Christopher North claims that "the son of a Saint," who appears to be some sort of reviewer, is "insidious as the serpent, but fangless as the glow worm." The Tory press, of course, was outraged at the champion critic of their favorite prodigies.

Select the introductory phrase that best captures a climate change concept that appears in passage B but not in passage A.

Correct! Wrong!

Because it depicts a thought or notion that only appears in passage B and not passage A, the correct answer choice is the sole acceptable solution. As the complexity and velocity of climatic changes become more apparent, particularly during post-glacial eras, the assumption that the earth's crust is to blame for geological climate changes is becoming untenable, according to the author of Passage B. It indicates that the earth's surface travels upward and downward at a rate and with a facility that seem impossible. The author of passage A also raises the possibility that the glacial era (Ice Age) caused climate changes, but he bases his argument on the earth and the sun rather than applying the notion to land-based climatic changes like volcanoes. Additional answer options are either absent from passage B or do not correspond to the assumptions made in either passage.

Clinician: A family of medications commonly used to treat immune system problems sadly raises the risk that the patient will develop osteoporosis, a condition that causes bone loss. These patients then take a different medication that aids in maintaining existing bone. These patients should take the new medication in addition to the medication that helps to retain existing bone because a medication that promotes the creation of new bone cells is now readily available.

Which one of the following would be most useful to know in order to evaluate the clinician’s argument?

Correct! Wrong!

Barrimore is the most qualified candidate for sheriff if Santos isn't. Barrimore will be elected if the most qualified candidate wins and Santos loses.

Which of the following justifications most closely resembles the justification in the previous argument?

Correct! Wrong!

The majority of the university's Spanish 101 students showed up to each class session during the previous semester. However, every pupil who obtained a grade of B minus or lower missed at least one class period.

Which of the following claims regarding the university's Spanish 101 students from the previous semester may be correctly deduced from the facts above?

Correct! Wrong!

Economist: Every company aims to boost productivity since doing so boosts shareholders' earnings and the likelihood that the company will survive. However, not all initiatives to boost efficiency are advantageous to the company as a whole. Attempts to boost productivity frequently result in fewer personnel, which hurts both the morale of the kept employees and the fired employees.

Which one of the following most accurately expresses the main conclusion of the economist’s argument?

Correct! Wrong!

Ethicist: Typically, grain-fed animals need to consume sixteen pounds of grain in order to produce one pound of meat. While sixteen pounds of grain could feed much more people than a pound of meat, a pound of grain is still more nutrient-dense for humans. Given the leveling off of grain yields, the annual loss of vast tracts of productive farmland, and the rapid growth of the human population, we must embrace the fact that eating meat will eventually become immoral.

Which one of the following, if true, would most weaken the ethicist’s argument?

Correct! Wrong!

Since the chairperson did not engage any other commission members over the release of the report before having it issued, the Election Commission's report should not have been made public.

The argument’s conclusion can be properly inferred if which one of the following is assumed?

Correct! Wrong!

1Every schoolboy is familiar with the broad strokes of Macaulay's life and work, to use one of his own favorite adages. We have recited the Lays, presumably read some of the History, and perhaps even heard of his eloquent and unrestrained criticism of writers whose works offended him. Even if his assertions weren't always correct, we know that his recall was incredible. The biographers go on to say that no one could be more uncomplicated or more dedicated to his own family; his nephews and nieces were unaware of his greatness and considered him to be their favorite "Uncle Tom." Of course, criticism is far from unanimity. 'Macaulay, the great prophet of Whiggery which never had or will have a prophet, vehemently judged that a man who could pass over from the celestial Whigs to the infernal Tories must be a traitor false as Judas, an apostate black,' observed Mr. Augustine Birrell wryly. James Thomson epitomized his political bias in a biting sentence: "Macaulay, historiographer in chief to the Whig Always a youngster at heart and utterly unconcerned with his appearance, Macaulay had such incredible success in every field that envy may be to blame for the majority of personal criticism that isn't motivated by obvious rivals. Those who referred to him as a bore were probably being overly sensitive about their own incapacity to counter ideas or viewpoints that they yearned to oppose.

When the magnificent piece on the translation of a recently discovered Milton dissertation on Christian Doctrine appeared in the Edinburgh (1825) and unleashed a new force in English prose, he was a student at Lincoln's Inn. Even though Macaulay admitted it was "overloaded with garish and ungraceful argument," it cemented his literary reputation and shaped a significant portion of his career. He gained control over the 21Edinburgh, perhaps slightly altering its overall tone, and started to identify with its reputation. Christopher North claims that "the son of a Saint," who appears to be some sort of reviewer, is "insidious as the serpent, but fangless as the glow worm." The Tory press, of course, was outraged at the champion critic of their favorite prodigies.

A critical reading skill that is vital is the ability to infer meaning from a passage. Which of the following inquiries would be regarded as important to both passages, even though their writers are different?

Correct! Wrong!

The primary subject of both chapters is the relationship between astronomical storms and climate change, specifically how it may or may not affect the earth's crust. The effects of astrological changes leading to a changing geological environment or the reverse are discussed in passage A. In contrast, the author of Passage B emphasizes how our climate locations are impacted by geological changes on the earth's surface. According to the passage's evidence, the additional response options only accurately reflect one or the other comparison articles, not both at once.

1Every schoolboy is familiar with the broad strokes of Macaulay's life and work, to use one of his own favorite adages. We have recited the Lays, presumably read some of the History, and perhaps even heard of his eloquent and unrestrained criticism of writers whose works offended him. Even if his assertions weren't always correct, we know that his recall was incredible. The biographers go on to say that no one could be more uncomplicated or more dedicated to his own family; his nephews and nieces were unaware of his greatness and considered him to be their favorite "Uncle Tom." Of course, criticism is far from unanimity. 'Macaulay, the great prophet of Whiggery which never had or will have a prophet, vehemently judged that a man who could pass over from the celestial Whigs to the infernal Tories must be a traitor false as Judas, an apostate black,' observed Mr. Augustine Birrell wryly. James Thomson epitomized his political bias in a biting sentence: "Macaulay, historiographer in chief to the Whig Always a youngster at heart and utterly unconcerned with his appearance, Macaulay had such incredible success in every field that envy may be to blame for the majority of personal criticism that isn't motivated by obvious rivals. Those who referred to him as a bore were probably being overly sensitive about their own incapacity to counter ideas or viewpoints that they yearned to oppose.

When the magnificent piece on the translation of a recently discovered Milton dissertation on Christian Doctrine appeared in the Edinburgh (1825) and unleashed a new force in English prose, he was a student at Lincoln's Inn. Even though Macaulay admitted it was "overloaded with garish and ungraceful argument," it cemented his literary reputation and shaped a significant portion of his career. He gained control over the 21Edinburgh, perhaps slightly altering its overall tone, and started to identify with its reputation. Christopher North claims that "the son of a Saint," who appears to be some sort of reviewer, is "insidious as the serpent, but fangless as the glow worm." The Tory press, of course, was outraged at the champion critic of their favorite prodigies.

Read passage A, then decide which statement or statements most accurately describe a claim made in passage A alone.

Correct! Wrong!

The correct response option, which can be found in Passage A-end of paragraph, raises the possibility that the assertion of possible impacts of climate change is demonstrable and is supported by citing the statements of Sir John Herschel and a few other astronomers who focused their attention on the consideration. The other answer choices don't explicitly spell out the evidence supporting the assertions in Passage A alone.

Anthony: By staying on the middle path at all times, one can lead a moderate existence. However, doing so results in a loss of the fun of spontaneity and a failure to seize the chances that periodically present themselves to people who are willing to take big risks or go too far.

Martha: However, a person who never takes a chance of going too far in the name of moderation is actually failing to live a life of moderation; one must be moderate even when exercising moderation.

Anthony and Martha disagree over

Correct! Wrong!

1Every schoolboy is familiar with the broad strokes of Macaulay's life and work, to use one of his own favorite adages. We have recited the Lays, presumably read some of the History, and perhaps even heard of his eloquent and unrestrained criticism of writers whose works offended him. Even if his assertions weren't always correct, we know that his recall was incredible. The biographers go on to say that no one could be more uncomplicated or more dedicated to his own family; his nephews and nieces were unaware of his greatness and considered him to be their favorite "Uncle Tom." Of course, criticism is far from unanimity. 'Macaulay, the great prophet of Whiggery which never had or will have a prophet, vehemently judged that a man who could pass over from the celestial Whigs to the infernal Tories must be a traitor false as Judas, an apostate black,' observed Mr. Augustine Birrell wryly. James Thomson epitomized his political bias in a biting sentence: "Macaulay, historiographer in chief to the Whig Always a youngster at heart and utterly unconcerned with his appearance, Macaulay had such incredible success in every field that envy may be to blame for the majority of personal criticism that isn't motivated by obvious rivals. Those who referred to him as a bore were probably being overly sensitive about their own incapacity to counter ideas or viewpoints that they yearned to oppose.

When the magnificent piece on the translation of a recently discovered Milton dissertation on Christian Doctrine appeared in the Edinburgh (1825) and unleashed a new force in English prose, he was a student at Lincoln's Inn. Even though Macaulay admitted it was "overloaded with garish and ungraceful argument," it cemented his literary reputation and shaped a significant portion of his career. He gained control over the 21Edinburgh, perhaps slightly altering its overall tone, and started to identify with its reputation. Christopher North claims that "the son of a Saint," who appears to be some sort of reviewer, is "insidious as the serpent, but fangless as the glow worm." The Tory press, of course, was outraged at the champion critic of their favorite prodigies.

Choose the introductory phrase that is most likely to result in agreement from both passage authors.

Correct! Wrong!

Through making assertions and citing evidence relating to the climate impacts, such as the cause and effect of astronomical causes to our geological climate and passage B's intention to understand the geological changes from the earth's surface and below, both authors identified with the effects of climate change and crisis. Additional response options are either inaccurate claims not contained in either passage or do not connect to the core issue focus of the two passages, which is climate impacts.

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