Explanation:
After delivery, fetal traits include an alert state and limb movement during the first period of reactivity, which starts at birth and lasts for 30 minutes to 2 hours. The newborn appears alert and may also show signs of hunger and start to root. The newborn will start nursing if a breast is supplied. Although the respiratory rate and heart rate gradually decrease as the baby enters a period of sleep, respiratory rates and heart rates may be quite rapid, up to 80 per minute and 180 bpm, respectively.
Explanation:
Due to hyperemia of the mouth and gum tissues brought on by elevated estrogen levels, gingivitis is a common disease in the mouth during pregnancy. Due to vascular hypertrophy, some patients may experience red, swollen, bleeding gums; however, these symptoms go away after the fetus is delivered. Although the cause is unknown, excessive salivation (ptyalism) is another common symptom. Despite popular belief, demineralization of the teeth is not related to pregnancy.
Explanation:
In order to prevent rapid withdrawal symptoms when Subutex (buprenorphine) is provided, the patient should refrain from using drugs for 12 to 24 hours before the induction phase. Morphine can be given to the pregnant lady to stabilize her blood levels and prevent induction. The patient should stop taking any additional medications during the stabilization phase, and it could be necessary to change the medication's dosage. The patient should be making good progress throughout the maintenance period when the dose is stable.
Explanation:
The ethical principle of autonomy, which acknowledges that people have the right to make their own decisions about care, is demonstrated by supporting a patient's request that she get an opioid and an epidural during labor. Giving pain medication as soon as it's required is an example of being benevolent toward someone. Justice demands that everyone be treated fairly and equally, as well as that resources and medical care be allocated equally.
Explanation:
Confirming fetal maturity is at least 39 weeks is the most crucial preoperative step for an elective Caesarean. Obtaining documentation of fetal heart sounds for 30 weeks by Doppler ultrasound or 20 weeks by auscultation, noting a 36-week gap since a positive pregnancy test, noting an ultrasound completed between weeks 6 and 11, noting a clinical history, and later ultrasounds that support at least 39 weeks' gestation are all ways to confirm a pregnancy.
Explanation:
Transient decelerations are frequently the result of knots that have developed in an extra-long umbilical cord. The umbilical cord is about 55 centimeters long. A longer chord seldom causes fetal death, but if the fetus is active, knots can form in the cord. While these knots are rarely drawn so tight as to entirely obstruct blood flow, they may get tighter during contractions, which can cause decelerations. Identical twin pregnancies are more likely to result in knots than singleton pregnancies.
Explanation:
Because blood has a pH between 7.3 and 7.45 and amniotic fluid has a pH between 7.0 and 7.5, the nitrazine test for the presence of amniotic fluid may result in a false positive if the vaginal fluid contains blood. In the absence of additional variables (blood, semen, or urine) that could influence the results, a pH in the range of 6.5-7.5 is regarded as positive for amniotic fluid. The mucous plug should not be present in the test sample, just vaginal secretions from the posterior vagina.
