The mean is calculated by adding all the numbers and dividing by the count: (4 + 8 + 15 + 16 + 23 + 42) / 6 = 19.
The median is the middle number when the data set is ordered: 3, 7, 9, 12, 15. The middle number is 9.
The mean is most affected by outliers because it takes into account all values, while the median and mode are less affected.
The mode is the number that appears most frequently in the data set, which is 4 in this case.
Standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values.
The z-score is calculated as (X - mean) / standard deviation. (60 - 50) / 5 = 2.
Approximately 68% of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean in a normal distribution.
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IQR is the difference between the 75th percentile (Q3) and the 25th percentile (Q1). Here, Q1 is 6 and Q3 is 14. So, IQR = 14 - 6 = 8.
A positive correlation means that as one variable increases, the other variable also increases.
A histogram is used to show the distribution of a data set by grouping data points into ranges.
A p-value less than 0.05 indicates that there is strong evidence against the null hypothesis, so it is rejected.
