A subnet mask helps to distinguish the network portion from the host portion of an IP address.
A router operates at Layer 3 (the Network layer) of the OSI model and is responsible for routing data between different networks.
IP (Internet Protocol) is a set of rules that govern how data is sent and received over the internet or other networks.
DNS (Domain Name System) translates human-readable domain names (like www.example.com) into IP addresses that computers can understand.
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is used to transfer files between a client and a server on a network.
