A wedge is a simple machine that works by concentrating force into a smaller area. An axe blade is shaped like a wedge, designed to split or cut materials.
A pulley system with two wheels doubles the mechanical advantage, meaning it halves the effort required to lift a load.
According to Bernoulli's principle, reducing the hose diameter increases the water pressure by concentrating the flow in a smaller area.
A larger driver gear transferring motion to a smaller driven gear increases the speed of the driven gear, though it reduces torque.
Placing the fulcrum closer to the load increases the mechanical advantage, making it easier to lift the object, though the distance you need to move the effort increases.
