Free Family Practice Exam Question and Answers

Question 1

If a patient with low back pain exhibits any of the following symptoms:

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

All the listed symptoms are 'red flags' in patients with low back pain, indicating a need for further evaluation or specialist referral. Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) with major muscle weakness suggests significant nerve compression, while chronic sciatica or new neurological deficits point to ongoing or worsening nerve involvement. Recurrent back pain, especially with these other symptoms, warrants a thorough investigation to rule out serious underlying conditions.

Question 2

A patient is admitted with whiplash. The patient exhibits paresthesia along the spine when the neck is flexed, according to the examination. This is advantageous:

Accepted Answer

Lhermitte sign

Answer

The Lhermitte sign is a neurological finding characterized by an electric shock-like sensation that radiates down the spine and into the extremities upon neck flexion. This sign is indicative of cervical spinal cord dysfunction or demyelination, often seen in conditions like whiplash, multiple sclerosis, or cervical spondylosis. Its presence suggests potential spinal cord irritation or damage.

Question 3

Symptoms of mild acne in a 17-year-old girl include papules, pustules, and a few nodules. Benzoyl peroxide purchased over the counter, which she had been using, is no longer effective. Which line treatment works the best?

Accepted Answer

Topical erythromycin 3% + 5% benzoyl peroxide

Answer

For mild acne that is no longer responding to over-the-counter benzoyl peroxide, combining a topical antibiotic like erythromycin with benzoyl peroxide is an effective next step. The antibiotic targets the bacteria (P. acnes) contributing to inflammation, while benzoyl peroxide helps unclog pores and has additional antimicrobial effects. This combination often reduces antibiotic resistance and improves treatment outcomes for moderate acne.

Question 4

With a patient with stage 3 chronic renal disease, how should hypertension be treated?

Accepted Answer

Use angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), and loop diuretics in combination

Answer

In patients with Stage 3 chronic renal disease and hypertension, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) are crucial for blood pressure control and renoprotection. Loop diuretics are often necessary to manage fluid balance and hypertension as kidney function declines. Combining these agents helps achieve target blood pressure and slow the progression of kidney disease.

Question 5

A patient with severe right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain presents. Which imaging test should be used to evaluate this patient?

Accepted Answer

Ultrasound (US)

Answer

For a patient presenting with severe right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain, an ultrasound (US) is the initial imaging modality of choice. It is non-invasive, readily available, and highly effective at visualizing the gallbladder, bile ducts, and liver. This makes it ideal for diagnosing common causes of RUQ pain such as gallstones, cholecystitis, or liver abnormalities.

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Family Practice Exam Practice Test

Free Family Practice Exam Question and Answers