Explanation:
Early decelerations are associated with fetal head compression.
Explanation:
Late decelerations are associated uteroplacental insufficiency.
Explanation:
Variable decelerations are often associated with cord compression.
Explanation:
Marked variability is 25 bpm or more of fluctuation around the baseline.
Explanation:
Variability is the single most important determinant of fetal well-being.
Explanation:
Absent fetal heart rate variability is required for Category 3 tracings. Late decelerations with minimal variability is still Category 2.
Explanation:
Accelerations in fetal heart rate after 32 weeks gestation are defined by an increase in the fetal heart rate of at least 15 beats per minute (bpm) above the baseline, lasting for at least 15 seconds. This criteria indicates fetal well-being and is considered reassuring during electronic fetal monitoring.
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Explanation:
Fetal heart block is not typically associated with tachycardia; instead, it often presents with bradycardia. Tachycardia in electronic fetal monitoring can be caused by maternal fever, sympathomimetic drugs, maternal hyperthyroidism, and fetal sepsis, among other factors.
Explanation:
Management of a prolonged deceleration typically involves a multifaceted approach, including maternal position change, assessment of uterine contractions, evaluation of maternal vital signs, and occasionally, a cervical examination to assess for potential causes or progress of labor.
Explanation:
Administering oxygen to the mother can help improve oxygen delivery to the fetus and is a common intervention following a prolonged deceleration.
Explanation:
Persistent fetal tachycardia can indicate fetal distress, and immediate cesarean delivery may be necessary to prevent adverse outcomes.
