Indications of low cardiac output in a heart recipient can include jugular venous distention.
Jugular venous distention refers to the visible distention of the jugular veins in the neck. It occurs when there is an increased pressure in the right side of the heart and is often a sign of impaired cardiac function or decreased cardiac output.
Plasmapheresis is a therapeutic procedure in which the plasma, the liquid component of blood, is removed from the patient's bloodstream and replaced with another fluid, such as saline or albumin. The purpose of plasmapheresis is to remove harmful substances, including antibodies, from the plasma.
The parasite you are referring to is Toxoplasma gondii, and the infection it causes is called toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasmosis can be transmitted to humans through contact with contaminated animal feces, particularly from cats, which are the definitive host of the parasite.
The two most commonly used skin test controls when performing an intradermal skin test for tuberculosis in patients who may be anergic due to the severity of their illness are Candida and mumps.
When evaluating postoperative mediastinal bleeding, the chest tube drainage should not exceed 200 mL in 2 to 6 hours.
Monitoring chest tube drainage is an important aspect of postoperative care, particularly after procedures involving the mediastinum (the central compartment of the thoracic cavity). Excessive bleeding in the mediastinum can be a serious complication, potentially leading to hemodynamic instability and other complications.
Equivocal or positive results obtained from an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) HIV test are typically confirmed by a Western Blot.
