Zero-based budgeting starts at a zero balance and does not rely on a previous year's performance or actual results. This type of budget requires management to take a look at expenses and justify the expenses, or consider alternative products and services.
Scope of practice refers to the rights and responsibilities of dietitians (such as ordering laboratory values or vitamins and supplements for patients) that are otherwise restricted to physicians, physician assistants or nurse practitioners.
Gender is a fixed determinant of disease epidemiology, as it cannot be changed. Other fixed determinants include race and genetics.
Conventional food systems are the most common type and typically include food production and the holding of hot and chilled food prior to food service. Conventional food systems have greater menu flexibility and perceived food quality; however, there are higher food costs and labor costs associated with conventional food systems.
A resistant force is a behavior that prevents desired change from happening, such as overconsuming high calorie foods, which prevents weight loss. Resistant forces should be identified during the unfreezing stage of Lewin's Change Management theory
In order to provide continuity of care, the entire health care team must be involved in the discharge planning process, including dietitians. This includes identifying potential problems, assessing risk, setting goals, planning, implementation, coordination of care, and evaluating effectiveness.
Dehydration is accomplished through a combination of low steady heat, air circulation, and low humidity. This eliminates moisture so that bacteria, mold, and yeast cannot survive.
Validated tools are ones that have been statistically proven to be effective. Validated tools include: Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Nutrition Risk Screening 2002, Mini Nutrition Assessment, and the Subjective Global Assessment.
Fat soluble vitamins are stored in fat deposits, and therefore are not necessary to consume on a daily basis. Water soluble vitamins can be depleted much more quickly and require regular consumption.
Longitudinal studies follow a group of people over a long period of time, which would be the best method for determining how saturated fat affects heart disease. However, it can be difficult to maintain participant engagement over a long period of time.
Parenteral nutrition is used to treat patients who cannot eat or have limited digestive powers by providing a liquid mixture of nutrients directly to the bloodstream. Parenteral nutrition may be used if a feeding tube hasn't worked, or if the patient has a condition such as Crohn's disease, cancer, short bowel syndrome, or ischemic bowel disease.
