Free AP Human Geography Exam: Industrial & Economic Development Question and Answers

Question 1

The Human Development Index positively correlates with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita

Answer

The Human Development Index (HDI) measures a country's overall development, including health, education, and living standards. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita directly reflects the average economic output and income per person in a country, which is a key component of the 'decent standard of living' dimension within the HDI. Therefore, countries with higher GDP per capita generally have more resources to invest in healthcare and education, leading to higher HDI scores.

Question 2

All of the following are positively correlated with a nation's literacy rate EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

birthrate

Answer

A higher literacy rate is generally associated with increased education, especially for women, which often leads to greater access to family planning and a shift towards smaller family sizes. Therefore, as literacy rates increase, birthrates tend to decrease, making it a negative correlation. The other options (energy consumption, female employment, standard of living) are typically positively correlated with higher literacy rates, as educated populations contribute to economic growth and modernization.

Question 3

What among the following does the Gender Inequality Index (GII) NOT include?

Accepted Answer

The number of children born to each woman per thousand women.

Answer

The Gender Inequality Index (GII) measures disparities in reproductive health (maternal mortality, adolescent birth rate), empowerment (parliamentary representation, secondary education attainment), and economic status (labor force participation). While related to reproductive health, the *total number of children born to each woman* (fertility rate) is not a direct component of the GII. Instead, the GII focuses on maternal mortality and adolescent birth rates as indicators of reproductive health inequality.

Question 4

A secondary economic activity is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A factory turns the wood into a table

Answer

Secondary economic activities involve the processing of raw materials into finished or semi-finished goods through manufacturing and industry. A factory transforming wood (a raw material from primary activity) into a table (a finished product) perfectly exemplifies this process. A lumberjack chopping wood is primary, selling the table is tertiary, and making a map is quaternary/quinary.

Question 5

Which of the following stages of Rostow's stages of economic growth best describes a nation that is building out its infrastructure?

Accepted Answer

Pre-conditions of take-off

Answer

In Rostow's Stages of Economic Growth, the 'Pre-conditions of take-off' stage is characterized by the development of infrastructure, such as transportation, communication, and energy systems, which are necessary to support future industrialization and economic growth. This stage involves significant investment in these foundational elements to prepare for the subsequent 'take-off' into sustained economic growth.

AP Practice Test

AP Practice Test

Free AP Human Geography Exam: Industrial & Economic Development Question and Answers