A surge in LH triggers ovulation, the release of an egg from the ovary. Estrogen and FSH help develop the follicle, and progesterone maintains the uterine lining after ovulation.
The testes are the male gonads responsible for producing sperm (spermatogenesis) and the hormone testosterone, which regulates male secondary sexual characteristics.
Fertilization usually occurs in the fallopian tube (also called the uterine tube or oviduct). The fertilized egg then travels to the uterus for implantation.
The epididymis, located on the back of the testes, stores sperm and allows them to mature and gain motility before being transported through the vas deferens.
Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum after ovulation and prepares the uterine lining (endometrium) for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. If fertilization does not occur, progesterone levels drop, leading to menstruation.
