Bremsstrahlung radiation occurs when high-energy electrons are decelerated upon interaction with the target material in the x-ray tube, producing a continuous spectrum of x-rays.
Hounsfield units (HU) quantify tissue density in CT scans, where water is defined as 0 HU, air as -1000 HU, and dense materials like bone have positive HU values.
MTF evaluates the ability of an imaging system to accurately reproduce various spatial frequencies, reflecting its spatial resolution capabilities.
Increasing the distance between the x-ray source and the patient reduces the intensity of radiation reaching the patient, thereby lowering the dose.
Beam filtration eliminates low-energy x-ray photons that contribute to patient dose without improving image quality, thereby reducing unnecessary exposure.
