Red blood cells are not capable of metabolizing glucose to carbon dioxide aerobically. They contain hemoglobin pigment.
Respiration depends partly on the principle of diffusion and facilitated diffusion. Diffusion is the flow of substance from a higher concentration to a lower concentration region.
A person cannot expel all the air from the lungs. A small amount of air will be present in the lungs.
The majority of carbon dioxide produced by the body is transported to the lungs in the form of bicarbonates. It is then expelled out from the lungs.
The process of breathing is divided into inspiration and expiration. The process of inhalation is called inspiration. During this process, the diaphragm contacts and the air gets filled into the lungs.
Respiration is controlled by Medulla oblongata. The medulla oblongata is located in the brainstem. It also controls circulation.
Oxidative Phosphorylation is a metabolic pathway in which cells use an enzyme to oxides nutrients. it releases energy to produce ATP. It takes place in mitochondria
The end products of the Krebs cycle consist of 6 NADH, 2 FADH, 4 carbon dioxide, and 2 ATPs.
During respiration, CO2 is exhaled out from the body. 32% of CO2 is expired out.
During respiration, the oxygen is carried by erythrocytes. It is also known as RBC’s.
RQ of fat is less than one. Fats require extra oxygen for the formation of H2O. It is around 0.7. For carbohydrate, RQ is one.
RQ is the respiration quotient. It is a dimensionless number. RQ is the ratio of carbon dioxide produced by the body to oxygen consumed by the body.
Hemoglobin carries some of the body’s respiratory carbon dioxide as carbaminohemoglobin, in which CO2 is bound to the globin protein.
Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can expel from the lungs after a maximum inhalation. A person’s vital capacity can be measured by a wet or regular spirometer.
The result of breathing increased partial pressure of oxygen is hyperoxia an excess of oxygen in body tissues. Oxygen toxicity is a concern for underwater divers.
When CO2 concentration in blood increased breathing becomes faster and deeper. This happens due to the increase in carbon dioxide and breathing rate becomes faster.
In a mixture of gases partial pressure is a pressure of that gas if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same temperature. The partial pressure of oxygen in the lungs is 100 mm Hg.
RQ is the respiratory quotient. If RQ is 0.6 then Oxidation of respiratory substrate consumed more O2 than CO2 produced.
Ciliated epithelial tissues are present on the inner surface of bronchioles and fallopian tubes. These hairs called cilia move back and forth to help move particles out of the body. They contain goblet cells that secrete mucously.
The average human excels about2.3 pounds of carbon dioxide on an average day. Nearly 4% of carbon dioxide is present in exhaled air.
Bronchioles are the minute branches into which a bronchus divides. It helps in respiration.
Lung cancer is usually seen in people who smoke. There are 2 types of lung cancer. Non-small cell and small-cell lung cancer.
in Emphysema alveoli at the end of the airways in the lungs are damaged. The sacs become larger and move less oxygen into the blood. Emphysema can be due to genetics also.
Respiratory system is divided into the conducting zone and the respiration zone. Alveoli belong to the respiration zone and not the conducting zone.
Hamburger shift is a process which offers in a cardiovascular system and refers to the exchange of bicarbonate and chloride across the membrane of RBC. It is also known as the chloride shift.
