Wound Care Certification Exam Wound Care Certification Systemic Factors Affecting Healing 5

Question 1

Which hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level is generally considered the threshold above which wound healing is significantly compromised in diabetic patients?

Accepted Answer

Above 8.0%

Answer

HbA1c above 8% is associated with significantly impaired leukocyte function, angiogenesis, and collagen synthesis, substantially increasing wound healing risk.

Question 2

A patient on dialysis for end-stage renal disease has a non-healing wound. Beyond uremic toxins, which electrolyte imbalance common in ESRD further impairs wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Hyperphosphatemia causing vascular calcification and reduced tissue perfusion

Answer

Hyperphosphatemia in ESRD promotes vascular calcification, narrowing vessel lumens and further reducing perfusion to wound tissue.

Question 3

Which immune condition is associated with neutrophil dysfunction that results in recurrent wound infections and impaired healing despite a normal white blood cell count?

Accepted Answer

Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus

Answer

Hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes impairs neutrophil chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and oxidative burst, compromising innate immunity despite normal neutrophil numbers.

Question 4

A patient with protein-calorie malnutrition has a Stage 3 pressure injury. What is the MINIMUM daily protein intake generally recommended to support wound healing in malnourished patients?

Accepted Answer

1.25–1.5 g/kg/day

Answer

Current guidelines recommend 1.25–1.5 g/kg/day of protein for patients with pressure injuries to support collagen synthesis and immune function.

Question 5

Which mechanism explains how smoking impairs wound healing at the microvascular level?

Accepted Answer

Carbon monoxide binds hemoglobin, reducing oxygen delivery; nicotine causes vasoconstriction

Answer

Carbon monoxide from smoking reduces hemoglobin oxygen-carrying capacity while nicotine-induced vasoconstriction compounds tissue hypoxia at wound sites.

Wound Care Certification Exam Practice Test

Wound Care Certification Exam Practice Test

Wound Care Certification Exam Wound Care Certification Systemic Factors Affecting Healing 5