Wound Care Certification Exam Wound Care Certification Lower Extremity Wound Management

Question 1

Which characteristic is most typical of an arterial (ischemic) ulcer of the lower extremity?

Accepted Answer

Pale, well-defined 'punched-out' margins with minimal exudate

Answer

Irregular edges with ruddy granulation and heavy exudate

Answer

Wet, macerated periwound skin with hemosiderin staining

Answer

Shallow, irregular borders located at the medial malleolus

Question 2

An ankle-brachial index (ABI) of 0.55 in a patient with a lower extremity wound most accurately indicates:

Accepted Answer

Moderate to severe peripheral arterial disease

Answer

Normal arterial perfusion adequate for healing

Answer

Mild arterial disease requiring monitoring only

Answer

Venous insufficiency with secondary arterial involvement

Question 3

Which anatomical location is most typical for venous stasis ulcers?

Accepted Answer

Medial malleolus and gaiter area of the lower leg

Answer

Tips of the toes and dorsum of the foot

Answer

Plantar surface of the foot at bony prominences

Answer

Lateral malleolus and outer ankle

Question 4

Which physical finding is most consistent with chronic venous insufficiency of the lower extremity?

Accepted Answer

Lipodermatosclerosis and hemosiderin staining

Answer

Absent pedal pulses and dependent rubor

Answer

Dry, shiny, hairless skin with nail changes

Answer

Pallor on elevation and rubor on dependency

Question 5

A patient with a venous leg ulcer has an ABI of 0.82. What is the most appropriate first-line treatment?

Accepted Answer

Compression therapy with 30–40 mmHg sustained compression

Answer

Urgent vascular surgery referral for arterial bypass

Answer

Avoid all compression due to mixed arterial-venous disease

Answer

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy to improve tissue perfusion

Question 6

Which diagnostic study is considered the gold standard for evaluating peripheral arterial disease anatomy prior to intervention?

Accepted Answer

Arteriography (catheter-based angiography)

Answer

Ankle-brachial index measurement

Answer

Toe-brachial index measurement

Answer

Duplex ultrasonography of lower extremities

Question 7

Dependent rubor of the lower extremity, where the skin turns deep red when the limb is lowered, is a sign of:

Accepted Answer

Severe arterial insufficiency

Answer

Chronic venous hypertension

Answer

Lymphedema with secondary skin changes

Answer

Diabetic autonomic neuropathy