Cosmetology Test Scientific Concepts 5

Question 1

What is the main active ingredient in most sodium hydroxide (lye) hair relaxers?

Accepted Answer

Sodium hydroxide

Answer

Sodium hydroxide is the active ingredient in lye relaxers; it has a very high pH (above 12) that permanently straightens hair by breaking disulfide bonds.

Question 2

Which term describes the process of a substance passing from a higher concentration to a lower concentration across a semi-permeable membrane?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Osmosis is the movement of a solvent through a semi-permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration.

Question 3

What type of melanin produces red and yellow pigment in hair?

Accepted Answer

Pheomelanin

Answer

Pheomelanin produces the red, yellow, and orange tones found in naturally red and blonde hair.

Question 4

In cosmetology, what does the term 'emulsification' refer to?

Accepted Answer

The blending of two immiscible liquids into a stable mixture

Answer

Emulsification is the process of mixing two liquids that normally don't blend, like oil and water, using an emulsifying agent.

Question 5

Which nail structure contains blood vessels and nerves and is located beneath the nail plate?

Accepted Answer

Nail bed

Answer

The nail bed lies directly beneath the nail plate and contains blood vessels and nerves that nourish the nail.

Cosmetology Test Practice Test

Cosmetology Test Practice Test

Cosmetology Test Scientific Concepts 5