LPN Pharmacological Therapies 2

Question 1

A patient is prescribed warfarin. Which food should the nurse instruct the patient to keep consistent in their diet rather than avoid completely?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K-rich foods like spinach

Answer

Vitamin K antagonizes warfarin; patients should keep intake consistent rather than eliminate it, as sudden changes affect INR levels.

Question 2

Which medication requires the nurse to assess the patient's blood pressure both before and after administration?

Accepted Answer

Hydralazine

Answer

Hydralazine is a vasodilator antihypertensive; blood pressure must be assessed before and after to monitor for hypotension.

Question 3

A patient taking lithium reports nausea, tremors, and confusion. What is the nurse's priority action?

Accepted Answer

Hold the dose and notify the provider immediately

Answer

These symptoms indicate lithium toxicity; the nurse must hold the medication and notify the provider immediately.

Question 4

Which route of administration provides the fastest drug onset of action in an emergency?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Intravenous administration delivers the drug directly into the bloodstream, providing the most rapid onset of action.

Question 5

A patient on clopidogrel (Plavix) is scheduled for elective surgery. What should the nurse communicate to the surgical team?

Accepted Answer

The medication should typically be stopped 5-7 days before surgery

Answer

Clopidogrel inhibits platelet aggregation; it is typically held 5-7 days before surgery to reduce bleeding risk.

(LPN) Certified Practical Nurse Practice Test