LPN IV Therapy and Fluid Management 2

Question 1

A patient's IV site shows redness, warmth, and a palpable cord along the vein. Which condition does this describe?

Accepted Answer

Phlebitis

Answer

Phlebitis presents with redness, warmth, swelling, and a palpable cord (hardened vein) along the IV site.

Question 2

The LPN is hanging a new IV bag of D5W. Which electrolyte imbalance is a risk with prolonged D5W infusion?

Accepted Answer

Hyponatremia

Answer

Prolonged D5W infusion can dilute serum sodium levels, leading to hyponatremia (dilutional).

Question 3

A patient receiving IV potassium chloride reports burning at the IV site. What is the priority nursing action?

Accepted Answer

Slow the infusion rate

Answer

Slowing the infusion rate reduces the burning sensation; potassium is irritating to veins and must never be given as an IV push.

Question 4

Which IV fluid is classified as an isotonic crystalloid solution?

Accepted Answer

0.9% NaCl

Answer

0.9% NaCl (normal saline) is isotonic, with an osmolarity close to plasma (~308 mOsm/L).

Question 5

A patient develops sudden dyspnea, hypotension, and a 'churning' heart sound during IV therapy. Which complication is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Air embolism

Answer

Air embolism presents with sudden dyspnea, hypotension, chest pain, and a characteristic 'millwheel' murmur.

(LPN) Certified Practical Nurse Practice Test