CPHON Symptom Management and Supportive Care 3

Question 1

Which antiemetic class works by blocking serotonin (5-HT3) receptors and is first-line for chemotherapy-induced nausea?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin (5-HT3) antagonists (ondansetron)

Answer

5-HT3 antagonists like ondansetron block serotonin receptors in the gut and brain that trigger nausea during chemotherapy.

Question 2

A child undergoing stem cell transplant is on neutropenic precautions. Which food should the nurse instruct the family to AVOID?

Accepted Answer

Fresh salads and raw fruits

Answer

Raw fruits, vegetables, and salads can harbor bacteria and fungi that are dangerous to severely immunocompromised patients.

Question 3

A child with cancer has not urinated in 8 hours and is receiving IV hydration. The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

Notify the provider and assess for bladder distension or obstruction

Answer

No urine output for 8 hours despite IV hydration is abnormal and may indicate urinary retention or renal dysfunction requiring immediate evaluation.

Question 4

To prevent oral candidiasis during immunosuppression, children are commonly prescribed:

Accepted Answer

Oral nystatin suspension or fluconazole

Answer

Nystatin or fluconazole are antifungal agents used prophylactically to prevent oral candidiasis in immunocompromised pediatric patients.

Question 5

A child with cancer develops delirium on the oncology unit. The nurse's FIRST action is:

Accepted Answer

Assess for and correct reversible causes (infection, medications, hypoxia)

Answer

Delirium in oncology is often multifactorial; identifying and treating reversible causes (infection, metabolic, medication toxicity) is the priority.

CPHON Exam Practice Test