CPHON Pediatric Blood Disorders and Hematology

Question 1

A child with sickle cell disease presents with severe bone pain, fever, and chest infiltrates. The nurse recognizes this as:

Accepted Answer

Acute chest syndrome

Answer

Aplastic crisis

Answer

Splenic sequestration

Answer

Vaso-occlusive crisis

Question 2

Which blood product is used FIRST-LINE for a child with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) who has intracranial bleeding?

Accepted Answer

Platelet transfusion

Answer

Packed red blood cells

Answer

Fresh frozen plasma

Answer

Cryoprecipitate

Question 3

A child with hemophilia A needs factor replacement. Which blood product is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Factor VIII concentrate

Answer

Fresh frozen plasma

Answer

Cryoprecipitate alone

Answer

Vitamin K injection

Question 4

A 6-year-old with beta-thalassemia major requires chronic transfusion therapy. Which complication must the nurse monitor for over time?

Accepted Answer

Iron overload (hemosiderosis)

Answer

Hypocalcemia

Answer

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer

Hypokalemia

Question 5

Which finding is characteristic of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in a pediatric oncology patient?

Accepted Answer

Prolonged PT/PTT, low fibrinogen, and thrombocytopenia

Answer

Elevated platelet count and normal PT

Answer

Isolated neutropenia

Answer

Elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit

Question 6

A child with aplastic anemia has an ANC of 150 cells/mm³. The nurse should place the child in:

Accepted Answer

Protective (reverse) isolation

Answer

Contact isolation

Answer

Droplet precautions

Answer

Standard precautions only