CPHON Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Treatment

Question 1

A childhood cancer survivor who received anthracycline chemotherapy is at greatest risk for which late effect?

Accepted Answer

Cardiotoxicity and cardiomyopathy

Answer

Hepatic fibrosis

Answer

Pulmonary hypertension

Answer

Renal tubular acidosis

Question 2

Which childhood cancer treatment is most closely associated with the late effect of secondary leukemia?

Accepted Answer

Alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide

Answer

Vinca alkaloids such as vincristine

Answer

Corticosteroids such as dexamethasone

Answer

Antimetabolites such as cytarabine

Question 3

A 16-year-old survivor of childhood ALL who received cranial radiation reports difficulty concentrating and declining academic performance. This is most consistent with which late effect?

Accepted Answer

Neurocognitive impairment

Answer

Posterior fossa syndrome

Answer

Cerebral vasculopathy

Answer

Peripheral neuropathy

Question 4

Which endocrine late effect is most commonly seen in children who received total body irradiation (TBI) as part of a stem cell transplant conditioning regimen?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone deficiency

Answer

Hyperparathyroidism

Answer

Cushing syndrome

Answer

Primary hyperaldosteronism

Question 5

A survivor of Wilms tumor who received flank radiation is at risk for which musculoskeletal late effect on the irradiated side?

Accepted Answer

Scoliosis and spinal asymmetry

Answer

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head

Answer

Osteoporosis and fragility fractures

Answer

Muscle hypertrophy

Question 6

Which late effect should a nurse specifically assess for in a female survivor of childhood cancer who received gonadotoxic treatment before puberty?

Accepted Answer

Premature ovarian insufficiency and infertility

Answer

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Answer

Endometriosis

Answer

Uterine fibroids