CPHON Pediatric Blood Disorders and Hematology 3

Question 1

A child with leukemia has a platelet count of 10,000/mm³ and no active bleeding. Prophylactic platelet transfusion is typically indicated at this threshold to prevent:

Accepted Answer

Spontaneous hemorrhage

Answer

A platelet count below 10,000–20,000/mm³ is the threshold for prophylactic transfusion to prevent spontaneous life-threatening bleeding.

Question 2

A child receiving hydroxyurea for sickle cell disease should have which monitoring performed regularly?

Accepted Answer

Complete blood count and reticulocyte count

Answer

Hydroxyurea suppresses bone marrow, so CBC and reticulocytes must be monitored regularly to detect myelosuppression and adjust dosing.

Question 3

When irradiated blood products are ordered for a pediatric oncology patient, the PRIMARY reason is to prevent:

Accepted Answer

Transfusion-associated GVHD

Answer

Irradiation kills donor lymphocytes in blood products, preventing them from engrafting and attacking the immunocompromised recipient (TA-GVHD).

Question 4

The nurse is caring for a child post-bone marrow transplant with a CMV-negative status. Which blood product should be ordered?

Accepted Answer

CMV-seronegative or leukoreduced blood products

Answer

CMV-seronegative or leukoreduced products reduce the risk of CMV transmission to CMV-negative immunocompromised patients.

Question 5

A child with neutrophil count of 1,800/mm³ develops fever of 38.5°C. According to CPHON guidelines, this child:

Accepted Answer

Does not meet criteria for febrile neutropenia

Answer

Febrile neutropenia requires ANC below 500/mm³ (or below 1,000/mm³ and falling); an ANC of 1,800/mm³ does not meet the neutropenia threshold.

CPHON Exam Practice Test

CPHON Exam Practice Test

CPHON Pediatric Blood Disorders and Hematology 3