APEA Pediatric Primary Care 5

Question 1

Under CMS requirements, at what ages must Medicaid-enrolled children have blood lead screening?

Accepted Answer

At 12 and 24 months

Answer

Medicaid requires blood lead testing at 12 and 24 months, or by age 6 years if it was never done.

Question 2

A 2-year-old has a barking cough and inspiratory stridor only when crying, with no stridor at rest. What is the most appropriate treatment?

Accepted Answer

A single dose of oral dexamethasone

Answer

Mild croup is treated with a single dose of dexamethasone (0.15–0.6 mg/kg), while racemic epinephrine is saved for moderate to severe stridor at rest.

Question 3

A 9-month-old has episodes of drawing the legs up and crying inconsolably, with lethargy between episodes and a currant-jelly stool. What is the initial imaging of choice?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal ultrasound

Answer

Ultrasound is the preferred diagnostic test for intussusception, showing a target or donut sign.

Question 4

A 2-year-old who drinks 40 oz of cow's milk a day is pale with microcytic anemia. Which lab pattern best supports iron deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Low ferritin, elevated RDW

Answer

Iron deficiency causes low ferritin, high RDW, and high TIBC, which separates it from thalassemia trait, where RDW is usually normal.

Question 5

A 12-month-old had 4 days of high fever and then a pink maculopapular rash on the trunk as the fever went away. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Human herpesvirus 6

Answer

Roseola infantum (HHV-6) causes several days of high fever followed by a truncal rash once the child is afebrile.

APEA - Advanced Practice Education Associates Practice Test

APEA - Advanced Practice Education Associates Practice Test

APEA Pediatric Primary Care 5