APEA APEA Pharmacology Review Questions and Answers

Question 1

A patient with type 2 diabetes and CKD stage 3 needs a second oral antidiabetic agent. Which medication should be avoided due to risk of lactic acidosis?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Glipizide

Answer

Sitagliptin

Answer

Empagliflozin

Question 2

Which antibiotic class requires counseling about increased risk of tendon rupture, particularly in patients over 60 taking corticosteroids?

Accepted Answer

Fluoroquinolones

Answer

Macrolides

Answer

Tetracyclines

Answer

Cephalosporins

Question 3

A patient on warfarin starts taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for a UTI. The NP should anticipate which effect on the INR?

Accepted Answer

INR will increase

Answer

INR will decrease

Answer

INR will remain unchanged

Answer

INR is unpredictable

Question 4

Which antihypertensive medication is contraindicated in pregnancy due to teratogenic effects including renal dysgenesis and skull hypoplasia?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

Calcium channel blockers

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

Alpha-methyldopa

Question 5

A patient taking a statin develops new-onset muscle pain and brown urine. The NP's priority action is to:

Accepted Answer

Stop the statin and check CK level

Answer

Continue statin and monitor symptoms

Answer

Reduce statin dose by half

Answer

Switch to a different statin immediately

Question 6

Which medication used for osteoporosis requires the patient to remain upright for 30-60 minutes after administration to prevent esophageal injury?

Accepted Answer

Alendronate

Answer

Raloxifene

Answer

Teriparatide

Answer

Denosumab