APEA Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

Question 1

According to USPSTF recommendations, which adults should receive aspirin therapy for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Adults aged 40 to 59 with 10% or greater 10-year CVD risk where benefit-harm balance is individualized; aspirin is NOT recommended for primary prevention in adults 60 and older

Answer

All adults over age 40 regardless of cardiovascular risk

Answer

All adults with hypertension regardless of age

Answer

Adults under age 30 at high CVD risk

Question 2

A 45-year-old patient with a 30 pack-year smoking history and no symptoms asks about lung cancer screening. Per USPSTF recommendations, what is the appropriate recommendation?

Accepted Answer

Annual low-dose CT scan if aged 50 to 80 with 20 or more pack-year history who currently smokes or quit within the past 15 years

Answer

No screening recommended until symptoms develop

Answer

Annual chest X-ray for all smokers

Answer

Bronchoscopy every 3 years for heavy smokers

Question 3

A 55-year-old woman with no family history asks about colorectal cancer screening options. Which of the following represents a current USPSTF-approved screening strategy?

Accepted Answer

Colonoscopy every 10 years, annual high-sensitivity FOBT, or FIT-DNA test every 1 to 3 years — multiple modalities are acceptable

Answer

Digital rectal exam annually in primary care

Answer

CT colonography every 20 years

Answer

Sigmoidoscopy only for women over 65

Question 4

A 62-year-old male with a 40 pack-year smoking history asks about abdominal aortic aneurysm screening. USPSTF recommends AAA screening for which group?

Accepted Answer

Men aged 65 to 75 who have ever smoked (100 or more cigarettes lifetime) — one-time abdominal ultrasound

Answer

All adults over age 50 regardless of smoking history

Answer

Women aged 65 to 75 who currently smoke

Answer

Annual CT angiography for all adults with family history of AAA

Question 5

Which vaccine is recommended by the ACIP for all adults 65 and older to prevent pneumococcal disease, per updated 2021 recommendations?

Accepted Answer

PCV15 followed by PPSV23, or PCV20 alone — replacing the previous PCV13 strategy

Answer

PCV13 (Prevnar 13) alone

Answer

Annual influenza vaccine only

Answer

No pneumococcal vaccination is needed after age 65

Question 6

A 38-year-old woman asks about osteoporosis screening. Per USPSTF recommendations, when should osteoporosis screening with DEXA scan begin for women?

Accepted Answer

Age 65 for all women, or earlier for postmenopausal women under 65 with increased osteoporosis risk based on FRAX or a similar tool

Answer

Age 30 for all women regardless of risk

Answer

Age 50 for all women

Answer

Only after the first fragility fracture