APEA APEA Patient Management Questions and Answers 1

Question 1

A patient with newly diagnosed hypertension has a BP of 148/92 on two separate visits with no end-organ damage or comorbidities. The first-line treatment is:

Accepted Answer

Lifestyle modification for 3-6 months plus thiazide diuretic

Answer

For Stage 1 hypertension without compelling indications, JNC guidelines recommend lifestyle modifications alongside initiation of a thiazide diuretic as first-line pharmacotherapy.

Question 2

A 65-year-old patient has an HbA1c of 7.9% on metformin alone. The NP adds a second agent. Per ADA guidelines, which comorbidity would favor adding an SGLT-2 inhibitor over a sulfonylurea?

Accepted Answer

Established cardiovascular disease

Answer

SGLT-2 inhibitors have demonstrated cardiovascular mortality benefit in patients with established CVD, making them preferred second-line agents in this population.

Question 3

A patient with community-acquired pneumonia has a CURB-65 score of 2. The appropriate management is:

Accepted Answer

Short-term inpatient admission or close outpatient follow-up

Answer

A CURB-65 score of 2 indicates intermediate severity CAP; guidelines recommend either brief hospitalization or close outpatient monitoring with low-risk criteria.

Question 4

A patient with GERD fails twice-daily PPI therapy after 8 weeks. The next appropriate management step is:

Accepted Answer

Refer for upper endoscopy to rule out complications

Answer

Persistent GERD symptoms despite adequate PPI therapy warrant upper endoscopy to evaluate for Barrett's esophagus, erosive esophagitis, or alternative diagnoses.

Question 5

A patient with persistent asthma not controlled on low-dose ICS alone should have which medication added per NAEPP guidelines?

Accepted Answer

Long-acting beta-agonist (LABA)

Answer

For asthma uncontrolled on low-dose ICS, NAEPP guidelines recommend adding a LABA as the preferred step-up therapy before increasing ICS dose.

APEA - Advanced Practice Education Associates Practice Test

APEA - Advanced Practice Education Associates Practice Test

APEA APEA Patient Management Questions and Answers 1