CPHON Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse 5

Question 1

A nurse administering vincristine notices the IV site shows swelling and erythema. What is the priority action?

Accepted Answer

Stop the infusion immediately and manage as a vesicant extravasation

Answer

Vincristine is a vesicant; extravasation can cause severe tissue necrosis and requires immediate cessation and specific extravasation management.

Question 2

Which infection is of greatest concern in an asplenic pediatric oncology patient?

Accepted Answer

Encapsulated bacterial organisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

The spleen filters encapsulated bacteria; asplenic patients are at high risk for overwhelming sepsis from Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis.

Question 3

A 6-year-old receiving dexamethasone as part of ALL maintenance therapy shows increased appetite, weight gain, and mood changes. The nurse explains to the family that these effects are:

Accepted Answer

Expected steroid side effects that are monitored and usually resolve when the drug is discontinued

Answer

Corticosteroids like dexamethasone commonly cause appetite increase, cushingoid features, and behavioral changes that typically resolve after therapy ends.

Question 4

Which lab trend indicates effective response to treatment in a child with tumor lysis syndrome (TLS)?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing uric acid, potassium, and phosphorus levels with normalizing creatinine

Answer

Effective TLS management is confirmed by declining uric acid, potassium, and phosphorus alongside improving renal function.

Question 5

A child with osteosarcoma is being evaluated for limb-salvage surgery versus amputation. Which nursing priority addresses the child's psychosocial needs?

Accepted Answer

Facilitate age-appropriate discussion about body image and involve the child in decision-making

Answer

Involving the child in decision-making and addressing body image concerns respects their developmental stage and supports psychological adjustment.

CPHON Exam Practice Test

CPHON Exam Practice Test

CPHON Pediatric Hematology Oncology Nurse 5