CLEP Biology Vertebrate Organ Systems 5

Question 1

What is the primary pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin

Answer

Hemoglobin is the iron-containing protein in red blood cells that binds and transports oxygen from the lungs to tissues.

Question 2

Which gland is known as the 'master gland' of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

Pituitary gland

Answer

The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it secretes hormones that regulate many other endocrine glands.

Question 3

What type of circulation carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary circulation

Answer

Pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs, where gas exchange occurs.

Question 4

Which immune cell is primarily responsible for destroying virus-infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8+)

Answer

Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) recognize and kill cells displaying foreign antigens, such as virus-infected cells.

Question 5

Which connective tissue connects bone to bone at a joint?

Accepted Answer

Ligament

Answer

Ligaments are fibrous connective tissues that connect bones to other bones, stabilizing joints.

CLEP Practice Test