ACSM Nutrition 5

Question 1

Which type of dietary fiber is MOST effective at lowering LDL cholesterol by binding bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

Soluble fiber (beta-glucan, pectin)

Answer

Insoluble fiber (cellulose)

Answer

Resistant starch

Answer

Lignin

Question 2

What is the primary nitrogen-excretion mechanism used to assess protein oxidation and nitrogen balance in nutrition research?

Accepted Answer

Urinary urea nitrogen measurement

Answer

Fecal nitrogen analysis

Answer

Respiratory quotient monitoring

Answer

Plasma amino acid profiling

Question 3

A marathon runner is 20 miles into a race and begins experiencing disorientation, muscle cramps, and nausea after consuming only plain water throughout. Which condition is MOST likely?

Accepted Answer

Hyponatremia

Answer

Hypernatremia

Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Dehydration-induced hypoglycemia

Question 4

Which amino acid is considered conditionally essential during periods of intense physiological stress, such as heavy training or trauma?

Accepted Answer

Glutamine

Answer

Leucine

Answer

Valine

Answer

Lysine

Question 5

According to ACSM, what is the minimum recommended daily fluid intake from beverages (excluding food moisture) for active adults in temperate climates?

Accepted Answer

2.0–3.0 L/day

Answer

1.0–1.5 L/day

Answer

1.5–2.0 L/day

Answer

3.0–4.0 L/day

Question 6

The respiratory quotient (RQ) of 0.70 during submaximal exercise indicates that the primary fuel source is:

Accepted Answer

Fat

Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

Mixed carbohydrate and fat

Answer

Protein

Question 7

Which dietary approach is MOST supported by evidence for reducing inflammation in athletes with high training loads?

Accepted Answer

Mediterranean-style diet rich in omega-3s, polyphenols, and antioxidants

Answer

High-protein, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet

Answer

Intermittent fasting with a 16:8 eating window

Answer

Elimination diet removing all gluten and dairy