ACSM-EP Anatomy & Physiology 4

Question 1

The biceps femoris is a member of which muscle group?

Accepted Answer

Hamstrings

Answer

The biceps femoris, along with the semitendinosus and semimembranosus, forms the hamstring muscle group at the posterior thigh.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the role of the Golgi tendon organ (GTO)?

Accepted Answer

Responds to muscle tension to inhibit contraction

Answer

GTOs sense excessive muscle tension and trigger autogenic inhibition, causing the contracting muscle to relax as a protective mechanism.

Question 3

Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary artery

Answer

The pulmonary artery is the only artery in the body that carries deoxygenated blood, transporting it from the right ventricle to the lungs.

Question 4

Type II alveolar cells in the lungs produce which substance critical for normal breathing?

Accepted Answer

Surfactant

Answer

Type II pneumocytes secrete pulmonary surfactant, which reduces alveolar surface tension and prevents alveolar collapse.

Question 5

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections?

Accepted Answer

Frontal (coronal) plane

Answer

The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.

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