ABPath Blood Banking and Transfusion 3

Question 1

A patient develops sudden hypotension, back pain, and hemoglobinuria minutes after starting a transfusion. What is the most likely reaction?

Accepted Answer

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

Answer

These signs indicate an acute intravascular hemolytic reaction, usually from ABO incompatibility.

Question 2

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is characterized by which finding?

Accepted Answer

Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema within 6 hours of transfusion

Answer

TRALI presents as acute non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema within 6 hours of transfusion.

Question 3

Which patients require irradiated cellular blood products to prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease?

Accepted Answer

Severely immunocompromised and intrauterine transfusion recipients

Answer

Irradiation prevents TA-GVHD in immunocompromised and fetal/neonatal recipients.

Question 4

A delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction most often results from an anamnestic response to which antibody type?

Accepted Answer

Kidd (anti-Jka) antibodies

Answer

Kidd antibodies notoriously drop below detection and cause delayed reactions on re-exposure.

Question 5

What is the expected corrected count increment purpose when transfusing platelets?

Accepted Answer

To assess platelet transfusion response and detect refractoriness

Answer

The corrected count increment evaluates the platelet response and identifies refractoriness.

American Board of Pathology (ABPath) Practice Test