Psychology Degree Social and Group Behavior 5

Question 1

According to equity theory, people in relationships feel most satisfied when:

Accepted Answer

Their ratio of inputs to outcomes matches their partner's ratio

Answer

Equity theory predicts satisfaction when the ratio of one's inputs (contributions) to outcomes (benefits) equals the ratio for the other person, not when amounts are identical.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes the 'mere exposure effect' in interpersonal attraction?

Accepted Answer

Repeated exposure to a stimulus increases liking for it

Answer

Zajonc's mere exposure effect demonstrates that simply encountering a stimulus repeatedly increases positive feelings toward it, even without conscious awareness.

Question 3

The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to:

Accepted Answer

Overestimate dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors in explaining others' behavior

Answer

The fundamental attribution error (also called correspondence bias) is the tendency to explain others' behavior in terms of personal traits while underestimating situational influences.

Question 4

In the context of aggression, the frustration-aggression hypothesis was revised to propose that frustration leads to aggression only when:

Accepted Answer

Frustration creates negative affect, which is the proximate cause of aggression

Answer

Berkowitz revised the original Dollard et al. hypothesis, proposing that frustration leads to aggression by inducing negative affect, and any unpleasant stimuli—not just frustration—can trigger aggression.

Question 5

Social loafing is most likely to be reduced when:

Accepted Answer

Individual contributions are identifiable and evaluated

Answer

Social loafing diminishes when individual contributions can be identified and evaluated, as accountability restores personal responsibility.

Psychology Degree Practice Test

Psychology Degree Practice Test

Psychology Degree Social and Group Behavior 5