Psychology Degree Psychology 101 4

Question 1

The confirmation bias is best described as the tendency to:

Accepted Answer

Seek, interpret, and recall information that confirms pre-existing beliefs

Answer

Confirmation bias involves actively favoring information that supports what we already believe and discounting contradictory evidence.

Question 2

Which psychologist conducted the famous 'Little Albert' experiment demonstrating that fear could be classically conditioned in humans?

Accepted Answer

John B. Watson

Answer

John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner conditioned infant Albert to fear a white rat by pairing it with a loud noise.

Question 3

Which term describes the cognitive shortcut of judging the likelihood of an event based on how easily an example comes to mind?

Accepted Answer

Availability heuristic

Answer

The availability heuristic leads people to overestimate the probability of vivid or memorable events.

Question 4

In Erikson's psychosocial theory, the central conflict of adolescence is:

Accepted Answer

Identity vs. role confusion

Answer

Erikson proposed that adolescents must resolve a crisis between forming a coherent personal identity and experiencing role confusion.

Question 5

Which neurotransmitter imbalance is most commonly associated with major depressive disorder according to the monoamine hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Deficient serotonin

Answer

The monoamine hypothesis links depression to insufficient serotonin (and sometimes norepinephrine and dopamine) activity.

Psychology Degree Practice Test