Psychology Degree Motivation and Emotion 3

Question 1

The overjustification effect refers to the reduction in intrinsic motivation that occurs when:

Accepted Answer

External rewards are introduced for an already enjoyable activity

Answer

The overjustification effect occurs when external rewards cause people to attribute their behavior to the reward rather than genuine interest, undermining intrinsic motivation.

Question 2

Albert Bandura's concept of self-efficacy refers to:

Accepted Answer

One's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific outcomes

Answer

Self-efficacy is a person's confidence in their own ability to perform a specific task or achieve a particular goal, which directly influences motivation and persistence.

Question 3

The facial feedback hypothesis proposes that:

Accepted Answer

Facial expressions can influence the subjective experience of emotion

Answer

The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that feedback from facial muscles can shape emotional experience itself — for example, smiling can increase feelings of happiness.

Question 4

In Lazarus's cognitive appraisal theory, 'primary appraisal' involves:

Accepted Answer

Assessing whether a situation is relevant to one's well-being

Answer

Primary appraisal is the initial evaluation of whether an event is irrelevant, benign-positive, or stressful/threatening to one's personal well-being.

Question 5

According to McClelland's need for achievement (nAch) theory, high achievers tend to prefer:

Accepted Answer

Tasks of moderate difficulty with clear performance feedback

Answer

High-nAch individuals prefer moderately challenging tasks because they provide meaningful opportunities for success and informative feedback about personal competence.

Psychology Degree Practice Test

Psychology Degree Practice Test

Psychology Degree Motivation and Emotion 3