Psychology Degree Cognitive Psychology and Memory 2

Question 1

Which memory phenomenon occurs when previously learned information interferes with the recall of newly learned information?

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference

Answer

Proactive interference occurs when older memories disrupt the retrieval of newer memories.

Question 2

The 'levels of processing' framework proposed by Craik and Lockhart (1972) suggests that memory retention depends on:

Accepted Answer

The depth at which information is encoded

Answer

Craik and Lockhart argued that deeper, more meaningful processing (semantic) produces stronger, more durable memory traces than shallow processing (structural or phonological).

Question 3

Which brain structure is most critical for the consolidation of new explicit (declarative) memories?

Accepted Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

The hippocampus is essential for consolidating new explicit memories from short-term to long-term storage.

Question 4

What does the 'serial position effect' demonstrate about free recall?

Accepted Answer

First and last items are remembered better than middle items

Answer

The serial position effect shows a primacy advantage (first items rehearsed into LTM) and a recency advantage (last items still in working memory).

Question 5

Which type of long-term memory is tested when a person identifies a previously seen word in a word-stem completion task without consciously trying to recall it?

Accepted Answer

Implicit memory

Answer

Implicit memory (priming) is demonstrated when prior exposure facilitates performance without conscious recollection.

Psychology Degree Practice Test

Psychology Degree Practice Test

Psychology Degree Cognitive Psychology and Memory 2