Psychology Degree Cognitive Processes and Memory 4

Question 1

Which concept refers to the cognitive shortcut of relying on the ease with which examples come to mind when making judgments?

Accepted Answer

Availability heuristic

Answer

The availability heuristic leads people to judge likelihood or frequency based on how easily relevant instances are recalled.

Question 2

In Atkinson and Shiffrin's multi-store model, information moves from short-term to long-term memory primarily through:

Accepted Answer

Maintenance rehearsal

Answer

Maintenance rehearsal — repeating information in the phonological loop — transfers it from STM to LTM in the Atkinson-Shiffrin model.

Question 3

Elizabeth Loftus's research on eyewitness testimony showed that post-event information can alter memory. This phenomenon is called the:

Accepted Answer

Misinformation effect

Answer

The misinformation effect occurs when misleading post-event information is incorporated into the original memory, distorting its accuracy.

Question 4

The distinction between 'knowing' and 'remembering' in recognition tests is used to separate contributions of:

Accepted Answer

Familiarity vs. recollection

Answer

Familiarity is a sense of recognition without contextual detail, while recollection involves consciously retrieving the specific episode of encoding.

Question 5

Spreading activation theory explains how:

Accepted Answer

Activating one concept in semantic memory increases activation of related concepts

Answer

In semantic network models, activating one node spreads activation along associative links to related nodes, facilitating retrieval of related concepts.

Psychology Degree Practice Test

Psychology Degree Practice Test

Psychology Degree Cognitive Processes and Memory 4