PhB Bachelor of Philosophy Ethics and Moral Philosophy 2

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the ethical position of moral absolutism?

Accepted Answer

Certain moral rules hold universally regardless of context or consequences

Answer

Moral absolutism maintains that some actions are intrinsically right or wrong regardless of circumstances, consequences, or cultural variation.

Question 2

The doctrine of double effect holds that an action with a harmful side effect may be permissible if:

Accepted Answer

The harmful effect is foreseen but not intended and the action is otherwise good

Answer

Double effect requires that the bad outcome be foreseen but not intended, that the action itself be good or neutral, and that the good outweigh the bad.

Question 3

Contractarianism grounds moral obligations in:

Accepted Answer

An agreement among rational agents

Answer

Contractarian ethics, associated with Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Rawls, bases morality on principles that rational individuals would agree to under certain conditions.

Question 4

Which concept, central to Kantian ethics, forbids treating persons merely as tools for one's own ends?

Accepted Answer

The humanity formulation of the categorical imperative

Answer

Kant's second formulation of the categorical imperative demands that we always treat humanity, whether in ourselves or others, as an end and never merely as a means.

Question 5

Care ethics, developed by Carol Gilligan and Nel Noddings, emphasizes which of the following above universal rules?

Accepted Answer

Relationships and context-sensitive caring

Answer

Care ethics argues that morality is rooted in empathy, relationships, and context rather than abstract universal principles.

PhB Bachelor of Philosophy Practice Test

PhB Bachelor of Philosophy Practice Test

PhB Bachelor of Philosophy Ethics and Moral Philosophy 2