PhB Bachelor of Philosophy Metaphysics and Reality

Question 1

Ontology is the branch of metaphysics that studies:

Accepted Answer

The fundamental nature of being and existence

Answer

The nature and limits of human knowledge

Answer

The principles of valid reasoning

Answer

The relationship between language and the world

Question 2

Which metaphysical position holds that reality is fundamentally mental or mind-dependent?

Accepted Answer

Idealism

Answer

Materialism

Answer

Dualism

Answer

Neutral monism

Question 3

The problem of universals concerns the question of:

Accepted Answer

What the nature and existence of general properties (like redness) are

Answer

Whether time travel is logically possible

Answer

How causation connects events

Answer

Whether the self persists through change

Question 4

Leibniz's principle of the identity of indiscernibles states that:

Accepted Answer

No two distinct things share all their properties

Answer

Objects persist through change by retaining essential properties

Answer

Time is relational rather than absolute

Answer

Every event has a sufficient reason

Question 5

In metaphysics, 'possible worlds' semantics, developed by Saul Kripke and David Lewis, is primarily used to analyze:

Accepted Answer

Concepts of necessity, possibility, and counterfactuals

Answer

The nature of scientific laws

Answer

The relationship between mind and body

Answer

The persistence of objects through time

Question 6

The ship of Theseus thought experiment illustrates the philosophical problem of:

Accepted Answer

Object identity and persistence through change

Answer

Personal identity over time

Answer

The nature of causation

Answer

The existence of abstract objects